Sciencedoze: Science, Education and Technology

Following are the importance of wildlife species in an ecosystem: 1. Maintains ecological balance in the ecosystem Various wildlife species play a vital role in preserving the ecological balance in nature. The elimination of carnivores disrupts this balance, resulting in an upsurge of herbivores, subsequently impacting the vegetation within the forest. Thus, in search of food, they come out from the forest to agricultural land and destroy our crops. 2. They provide us with resources Different wildlife species like wild plant gives us important resources like food, medicines, timber, fibers, etc, and are of high economic importance. Whereas, wild animals provide us with meat, leather, hiney, silk, etc which are used by humans. 3. Aids in scientific research Some wildlife species like mikey and chimpanzees are used for scientific experiments such as to test the effect of medicine. Also, animals like rats are first used to do experiments and tests before trying them on humans. 4. They...

1. Softwood Softwood is obtained from coniferous trees. These tees are also known as evergreen tees as leaves do not fall till the new one grows. Softwood is commonly found in regions characterized by a cold climate. They are more sustainable and less expensive than hardwood. Types of Softwood Different types of softwoods are given below: (i) Pinewood Pinewood is a soft, white, or light yellow wood that is light in weight and straight-grained. It resists shrinkage, swelling, and warping. Pine wood is highly malleable and receptive to staining. However, it is prone to decay when exposed to soil. Pine trees are prevalent in various parts of the northern hemisphere, including the western Himalayas, Assam, and Nagpur regions of India. (ii) Cedar Wood Cedar wood, a knotty softwood, exhibits a red-brown color with light lines. Compared to other softwoods, cedar is relatively soft. It possesses a uniform wood texture and offers high resistance to decay and insects. They are aromatic and f...

The concept of Inherent Safer Design (ISD) states that hazardous should be avoided instead of controlling them. This can be done by reducing the amount of hazardous material and the number of hazardous operations in the industrial plant. The statement "what you don't have cannot harm you" was given by a British chemical engineer Trevor Kletz in an article published in 1978 after the Flixborough disaster. This statement means that we should reduce the hazard instead of controlling them. For example,  If benzene is replaced by a green solvent then how can benzene affect us in the future (What you don't have cannot harm you). There are four principles of inherently safer design: 1. Minimisation This method of Inherent Safer Design states that we should use small quantities of hazardous materials or reduce the size of equipment operating under hazardous conditions like high temperature and pressure. For example, Nitroglycerine can be manufactured in a continuous pip...

Green chemistry is the branch of chemistry which aims at the designing of chemical products and processes to reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous substances. Green chemistry promotes the green process, a healthy environment, and sustainable development. So, Green chemistry works on some set of principles called "12 Principles of green chemistry" . These principles were formulated by Paul T. Anastas. 12 principles of green chemistry are given below: 1. Prevention of waste or by-products This principle of green chemistry states that we should minimise or eliminate waste by-products rather than cleaning the waste after it has been created. For example, the production of plastic by-products should be minimised instead of cleaning it after its production. We should make a proper plan to minimise the waste at every step of the chemical process. 2. Maximum incorporation of the reactants (starting materials and reagents) into the final product This principle of green ...

Australian bushfires are caused by increasing atmospheric temperature, hotness, and dryness which is caused by climate change. Australian bushfires have killed almost 800 people since 1851 and billions of animals. So, the the real question arise that "How we can prevent Australian bushfires from happening again and again or it will kill same number of people and animals every year". So, in this post, I talked about workable steps to prevent  Australian bushfires from happening again. 1) National methods to prevent Australian Bushfires in the future 1. Moving away from fossil fuels According to the International Energy Agency , Australia is 4th largest exporter of coal and natural gas. Coal is responsible for 72% Green House Gas (GHG) emission in Australia which leads to a rise in global temperature in the summer season. This makes the environment drier and hotter which is the main reason for forest fires. Recently, the Australian government approved Adani’s c...

Soil is the topmost part of the earth's crust and it's made due to decomposition and disintegration of surface rocks. It might have been formed in one place but it traveled to another due to weather factors like wind, storms, floods, etc. Soil is essential for the survival of the human race. Soil provides nutrients and minerals to plants which provide us fruits and vegetables. Soil is known as the heart of the biosphere. But due to anthropogenic activities, soil pollution is occurring in many countries. Soil pollution directly affects the plants and thus affects humans also. Soil pollution have many sources from industries to farms but the real question is how exactly soil pollution affects human life? So let's discuss... What is Soil Pollution? The addition of contaminants like chemicals, pesticides, domestic waste, etc into the soil, is called soil pollution. Today, due to an increase in population, the soil is becoming dirty and infertile. Soil gets p...

Water is a basic need for humans, it is used in household works, industry, and agriculture. We need fresh and clean water for our daily activities like drinking, washing, etc. But unfortunately, natural water from rain, rivers, and ground get contaminated causing health hazards. Water pollution has many types; it may be seawater pollution, groundwater pollution, etc. So, here is complete information about water pollution; it's types, causes, effects, sources and preventive measures. Water gets polluted in the following ways: 1. Natural Factors Yes, water can get polluted by natural factors like washing away of the decomposed vegetables, animal waste, and mixing of soil. 2. Human Factors Water can get polluted by many anthropogenic activities like the discharge of industrial waste, domestic waste, use of fertilizer in crops, etc. These factors are way much harmful than natural factors. Definition of Water Pollution The addition of external impurities in water wh...

What is environment ? Everything that surrounds and affects living organisms is environment. 'Environment' is derived from French word Environner , which means to encircle or surround. All the biological and non-biological entities surroundings us are included in environment. As per the definition given in Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, environment includes all the physical and biological surroundings of an organism along with their interactions. Environment is thus defined as "the sum total of water, air and land and inter-relationships that exist among them and with the human beings, other living organisms and materials." The concept of environment can be clearly understood from following figure: This figure depicts the environment of human beings. Air, water and land surroundings us constitute our environment, and influence us directly. At the same time we too heaven influence on our environment by overuse of over- exploitation of resources or by disc...