Sciencedoze: Science, Education and Technology

Radar is developed in World War II to detect enemy aircraft. Over a while, they noticed that they were catching signals from raindrops, hailstones, and snowflakes. After the end of the war, these radars were used for weather forecasting. From 1948 weather radar was installed on aircraft to help the pilots detect bad weather. Weather Radar and It's Working. A weather radar is nothing but an antenna that rotates and scans the sky. It transmits a directional, narrow beam of microwaves having a wavelength in the range of 1-10 centimeters. These wavelengths are about 10 times the size of the raindrops, hailstones, and snowflakes. So, these particles scatter the microwaves back and a return signal is picked by the respective radar. What does a weather radar measure? From the whole process, mainly five things are measured: 1. The time taken for the microwave pulse to travel to and from the scattering object gives the distance. 2. The Doppler shift of the return microwave pulse giv...

Australian bushfires are caused by increasing atmospheric temperature, hotness, and dryness which is caused by climate change. Australian bushfires have killed almost 800 people since 1851 and billions of animals. So, the the real question arise that "How we can prevent Australian bushfires from happening again and again or it will kill same number of people and animals every year". So, in this post, I talked about workable steps to prevent  Australian bushfires from happening again. 1) National methods to prevent Australian Bushfires in the future 1. Moving away from fossil fuels According to the International Energy Agency , Australia is 4th largest exporter of coal and natural gas. Coal is responsible for 72% Green House Gas (GHG) emission in Australia which leads to a rise in global temperature in the summer season. This makes the environment drier and hotter which is the main reason for forest fires. Recently, the Australian government approved Adani’s c...

Soil is the topmost part of the earth's crust and it's made due to decomposition and disintegration of surface rocks. It might have been formed in one place but it traveled to another due to weather factors like wind, storms, floods, etc. Soil is essential for the survival of the human race. Soil provides nutrients and minerals to plants which provide us fruits and vegetables. Soil is known as the heart of the biosphere. But due to anthropogenic activities, soil pollution is occurring in many countries. Soil pollution directly affects the plants and thus affects humans also. Soil pollution have many sources from industries to farms but the real question is how exactly soil pollution affects human life? So let's discuss... What is Soil Pollution? The addition of contaminants like chemicals, pesticides, domestic waste, etc into the soil, is called soil pollution. Today, due to an increase in population, the soil is becoming dirty and infertile. Soil gets p...

Water is a basic need for humans, it is used in household works, industry, and agriculture. We need fresh and clean water for our daily activities like drinking, washing, etc. But unfortunately, natural water from rain, rivers, and ground get contaminated causing health hazards. Water pollution has many types; it may be seawater pollution, groundwater pollution, etc. So, here is complete information about water pollution; it's types, causes, effects, sources and preventive measures. Water gets polluted in the following ways: 1. Natural Factors Yes, water can get polluted by natural factors like washing away of the decomposed vegetables, animal waste, and mixing of soil. 2. Human Factors Water can get polluted by many anthropogenic activities like the discharge of industrial waste, domestic waste, use of fertilizer in crops, etc. These factors are way much harmful than natural factors. Definition of Water Pollution The addition of external impurities in water wh...

Cyber Warfare: Definition and Introduction As the name suggests cyber warfare is the modern war between two nations using technology as a weapon causing significant harm to the security systems of a country. Though there is a debate on the actual definition of cyber warfare , it can be anything that disrupts the computer systems of hospitals, armed forces, institutions, security agencies, etc of the enemy country. Cyber warfare doesn’t need big armies, weapons, aircraft, tanks but needs only handful people that can create chaos in the enemy country by sitting thousands of kilometers away. China, Russia, and Israel are creating cyber armies that can easily penetrate the security systems of enemy countries. Effects of Cyber Warfare On 11 February 2013 people of Great Falls, Montana all of sudden received a message on their TV screens that “Dead Bodies are rising from graves”. This news sounds authentic to people and only four people contacted police regarding this hoa...

A colloidal dispersion in which both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are in the liquid state is called Emulsion . Both liquids are immiscible. For Example: vanishing cream, cod liver oil, etc. Preparation Method of Emulsion An emulsion can be prepared by vigorously shaking the mixture of two liquids or passing it through a colloid mill, known as a homogenizer. The emulsions which are prepared from pure liquids are not much stable and both get separated at rest position. So, to get a stable emulsion, some special substances or chemicals are added in small quantities. The substances which are added to stabilize the emulsion is called emulsifiers or emulsifying agents. Examples of Emulsifiers/ Emulsifying agent various soaps. Long-chain sulphonic acids. lyophilic colloids such as proteins and gum. How do Emulsifiers Work? The working of an emulsifier can be explained with the example of soap as an emulsifying agent. Soap is a salt of higher fatty ac...

The immune system of our body is a defense system that protects us from various infections and diseases like cold, hair loss, skin problems, cough, etc. Do you know, In a day lot of bad bacteria enter our body but killed by our immune system? A healthy immune system means a healthy body. So here are 5 Indian ways to boost your immunity at home: 1. Ashwagandha Ashwagandha is an Indian herb whose properties are so powerful that it has been nicknamed Indian Gem. Ashwagandha can instantly boost your immune system. Take 1 glass of lukewarm milk and add 1 tablespoon of Ashwagandha powder into it. The best time to have it is 1 hour before going to sleep at night. If you have a problem with lactose intolerance (Milk digestion problem) then simply replace it with water.  Buy Ashwangandha Powder 2. Giloy Giloy which is also known as Amrita helps to detoxify your body. It removes the toxins, purifies the blood, and inhibits the growth of bad bacteria. Take 1 gl...

The  Global Positioning System  (GPS) is a satellite navigation system that provides precise location and time data in all weather conditions, anywhere on earth. For  GPS  to work there should be an unobstructed line of sight to 4 or more GPS satellites.  GPS  provides capabilities to military, civil, and commercial users around the globe. Components of a GPS   A GPS has three segments i.e space, control, and user segments as given below:   Space Segment (GPS Satellites):   This segment has 24 satellites deployed on six orbits around the earth at an altitude of 20,000 Km. These satellites revolve around the earth at intervals of 12 hours.   Control Segment (Ground Control Stations):   Ground control stations have 5 unmanned monitor stations and 1 Master control station which constantly monitor, control and maintain satellite orbits. Their work is to make sure that deviations of satellites from or...

Sun is a big power station that provides clean, non-stop energy for free. Sun is a ball of nuclear energy that has enough fuel onboard to run our solar system for another five billion years and solar panels can convert this energy into the infinite supply of electricity . Solar power may seem an advance technology, but it's already in use. Solar-powered quartz watch, calculator, car, aircraft, etc are already used in daily life. Also, NASA has developed a solar-powered plane whose upper wing surface is covered by solar panels that power the plane's engine. Topics covered in this article: How much energy Sun can provide us? What are Solar Cells ? How solar cells are manufactured and its working?  The efficiency of Solar Cells   Different types of photovoltaic solar cells How much power a solar cell can create? Why Solar cells are not popular in use? How much energy Sun can provide us? The amount of energy received from the sun is minimum at s...